Background
Globally there are over 7.9 billion persons of which 16.7% are Adolescents and Young People (AYP), 90% of whom live in low-developing countries, with 40% from Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest pregnancy rate (218 per 1,000 women), lowest rate of contraceptive use and about 33 abortions occurring per 1,000 women aged 15-49 years annually. This study aimed to understand the gender-based influences on SRH outcomes among AYPs in Luuka district, Uganda.
Methods
A Qualitative thematic analysis between June and July 2022, we conducted 8 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with 8-12 purposively selected AYPs between the age of 15-24years in 2 sub-counties in Luuka District, Uganda. Four FGDs in Ikumbya sub-county consisting of 2 male groups and 2 female groups among 15-17years in-school AYPs. Four FGDs in Bokooma sub-county, 2 male groups and 2 female groups among 18-24years out-of-school AYPs.
We explored the SRHR needs of AYP, examined a typical growth timeline for female AYPs and the key growth in social and cultural critical events that occur in the AYPs growth pathways in Uganda were explored.
Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, translated, and data analyzed thematically.
Results
Unwanted pregnancies, forced marriages, and unregulated abortions are reported as key life events. Negative societal norms - women seen as sex objects and a source of income for parents, household duties exclusive to be done by females, lower female self-esteem, and negative myths on family planning (male mainly) were highlighted as major barriers to contraceptive access and use despite the need.
Conclusion
SRHR policies and programs should aim at mindset and behavioural change using intergenerational dialogues and advocacy with deliberate actions on breaking negative societal norms and stereotypes. Contraceptive promotion and empowerment campaigns that are gender sensitive should also be adopted.
